Hi, this assignment is an essay which is of 5000 words. Topic: Social and Psychological Consequences of Self-Drive Cars I have attached the fully detailed instructions and my 2 other assignments. that

Hi, this assignment is an essay which is of 5000 words. Topic: Social and Psychological Consequences of Self-Drive Cars I have attached the fully detailed instructions and my 2 other assignments. that
Writing your Research Essay Topic: Social and Psychological Consequences of Self-Drive Cars These points about writing your research essay are intended to give you some insights into what constitutes a scholarly paper along with presenting some ideas as to why a scholarly essay is constituted the way that it is. It is by no means to be construed as a comprehensive guide to essay-writing – you can access more information on Student Online Services (SOS) or Google for such guides if you wish – but is meant, rather, to present some key factors and express them in a manner that many published guides do not. Your formal scholarly research essay needs to follow certain timeworn practices in order for it to fulfill its object of offering its reader insights that are truthful. Most of the academic articles included as required reading in HUMN 422 are examples of scholarly writing that you can take as an example of how to write your research essay. An essay, however, not only serves to inform and convince the reader with knowledge and insights, it serves as a structure that allows you, as its author, to understand the topic that you are writing about better. ‘Better’ means more objectively, rationally, logically, and clearly. The ability to write good scholarly writing is, in many respects, the same ability that you use for good insightful, scholarly thought. Convincing Information and Analysis Formal scholarly essays are constituted so that they are objectively true. Objectivity is in contrast to other forms of writing, such as a subjective essay written from the author’s idiosyncratic individual biases, or an exercise in rhetoric. Rhetoric is writing meant primarily to persuade rather than to inform, and has a long tradition in Western classical scholarship. A formal scholarly essay, however, must appeal to the intellect rather than the passions. A well-written scholarly work is one where every statement, and every sentence is somehow proven to be true to the reader. To offer this kind of objective ‘proof’ when you write your essay you really have only a handful of possibilities. These are as follows: Use logical argument: Logic is the science of the formal principles of reasoning that demonstrates a sequence of thoughts that lead to a valid thought. For example, the statement: “All hippies have long hair”, and the statement that “John is a hippy”, forces, through logic, to state that “John has long hair”. In your own use of logic, you may have to present a somewhat muted version of this type of reasoning, but the “Most hippies … John is … John most likely has” logic still has validity. Use examples: In your essay, particularly if it involves abstract conceptualizations, ‘truth’ can often best be established by offering examples of what insight you are offering the reader. Examples can be weak or strong supporters of your insight, depending upon how generalizable they are. If, for instance, I write “rear-engined cars are considerably more dangerous than front-engined cars” I can offer an analysis of the pendulum-like weight distribution of rear-engined cars versus other configurations, but I can also write that: “Rear-engined Porsche 911s are frequently known to be in single-vehicle accidents” I have sort of offered ‘proof’. Whether or not that ‘proof’ is acceptable to the reader or not, depends on a number of factors, including whether the rear suspension of the Porsche 911 was to blame, the accident statistics are believable, and so on. One thing that examples do accomplish, however, is that they ‘concretize’ the abstract concept so that a reader can envision and understand it. Using examples is often the best way to explain a concept. Using examples is really just about using the principles of deductive and inductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning takes an example and makes a generalization from it. Its credibility relies on how representative the example is of other examples. Deductive reasoning would apply a generalized idea, such as an abstract concept (e.g. rear-engined cars) and apply it to a specific example (e.g. the Porsche 911). Cite an outside authority: Most interesting scholarly papers attempt to add to the existing body of knowledge, and do so by constructing their knowledge on the foundation of previous knowledge. This is how progress happens in many instances, just as technological innovation tends to build on past technologies. If you are to make a case for an insight, analysis, or point in your essay, you can establish its credibility by citing other credible authors and their writings. This requires, however, that the sources you cite are considered, and are seen to be considered, truthful and reliable. What constitutes a valid source is described in the links listed below: “Evaluation During Reading” and “Annotated Bibliography”. It is sufficient to use a citation format – such as APA required in this course (though other formats are as good, and arguably better) to establish this type of substantiation in your essay. The one thing you should ask yourself, after writing every single statement and sentence, is: “Did I offer convincing substantiation of this point to the reader?” You really need to do this for your entire essay for it to fulfill the requirements of good scholarship. Keep in mind too, that most readers will tend, out of simple human nature, to disbelieve everything you say if they should stumble across one thing you say that they think is untrue. Abstract For your Research Paper ensure you write your Abstract following the guidelines and requirements described in “The Report Abstract and Executive Summary” in the Purdue Online Writing Lab. Introduction Refer to Part 4: Introduction for details on writing the introduction. Essay Body Structure Good structure of an essay follows the same rules as good writing. Generally paragraphs should be used to isolate different ideas from one another, and each paragraph needs to follow upon the previous paragraph with some kind of connecting idea. Connecting ideas are often indicated by connecting words and phrases such as ‘however’, ‘as in the previous argument’, ‘in contrast’, ‘accepting this premise we conclude’, and so on. The connections, that can be stated either at the beginning or ends of paragraphs (or both) are numerous and amenable to creative writing styles. The structure of your essay sometimes is usefully divided not just by well-defined paragraphs, but also by sections delineated by headings. For additional information on headings, refer to Part 3: List of Headings. Conclusion Every scholarly essay requires an introduction and a conclusion, even if these sections are not overtly labelled as such. The conclusion really is a summation of what was said, proven, and/or discovered, in the body of the essay relative to the thesis question. The conclusion needs to restate the thesis question in some manner (that is, it need not and perhaps should not be verbatim), and say, in concentrated form just what the essay said about it. One common mistake is to introduce new ideas in the conclusion. You should avoid this. As a general rule, you as the writer should only include in the conclusion what is found in the essay itself. The only exception to this is that it is sometimes appropriate to indicate further areas of inquiry and study in the conclusion. The common saw about the structure of a good speech is that it “tells the audience what you are going to tell them; tells them; tells the audience what you told them.” The principles of a good essay are quite similar. Essay Presentation Your goal in writing your essay is to express ideas, often quite complex ideas, in a manner that is easily understood by an educated reader. Your form of substantiation, your essay structure, and the presentation of your essay should enhance and not impede your readers’ understanding. And again, good writing is a skill that enables good thinking. Your essay may be a most brilliant piece of insightful writing, but unless you present your essay well, its ideas may be overshadowed or ignored. There are a few basics about essay presentation that you should follow: Title Page: Your essay requires a title page that includes your essay’s title, your name, the name of the course, and the date. These should be centred and neat. Abstract: This summarizes your paper’s key findings in a succinct form. Number Pages: You will be formatting your essay as a document (usually a Word Document) and so it will have pages. In the digital world, some documents don’t have pages. The title page and the first page should not have page numbers written on them, subsequent pages should (starting, therefore, at “3”. Fonts: General practice is to use serif fonts for text, and san-serif fonts for titles. One common preference is for 12-point Palatino linotype for text, and 12, 14, and 16-point bolded Arial for titles. Non-capitalized serif fonts are easiest to read because the reader’s eye quickly sees the overall shape of the word. ALL-CAPITALS and sans-serif fonts, do not have that easy shape. Fonts should be in a very dark colour (black, dark teal, etc.) and the background should always be white. Bibliography: You require a bibliography (not your annotated bibliography) for your essay. It should include primary sources and scholarly sources. You should include as many bibliographic references as you need; however, it is hard to imagine that you would have fewer than 15 or so for a 5,000-word paper. What and How to Cite: Cite all ideas that are not common knowledge and are not yours. These need not be direct quotations. Cite all direct quotations. Quotations less than four lines should be included within “quotation marks”. Quotations greater than four lines should be indented on both the left and right-hand sides, and single-space. Citation Format: Your essay is to be formatted, as a standard imposed by RCC, in APA citation style. There are good reasons not to use APA style, but it has, for better or worse, become the standard used by most academic presses. Photos and Illustrations: Our digitized universe, and the fact that you will be submitting your essay as an electronic document, means that photos and illustrations are technically easy to include. While scholarly essays traditionally do not include photos and illustrations, you should feel free to include any that you deem appropriate in terms of furthering the scholarly expression of your essay. They should, however, be formatted in terms of size, location, and citation. Word Count: The word count for this assignment is 5000 words (+-500 word, excluding Title and Reference pages)”. The word counts for assignments in HUMN 422 are specified within very stringent limits. As an andragogic principle, the discipline of ‘drawing inside the lines’ is a useful one to learn. A trick that often works well for writing with a really clear, concise, punchy style is to over-write your number of words, and then trim sentence-by-sentence. Spelling and Grammar: There is no excuse, given computer programs, to misspell. Grammar programs tend to pick up many faults as well. Just do not make mistakes! Proof Reading: Almost nobody can write perfectly. Most people cannot see their own writing mistakes. Asking someone to proofread your essay assignment before submitting it does not constitute cheating, but rather, is something you should expect to do. Contractions: Contractions should not be used in formal writing. Words: Use the most specific words possible and avoid the weak generalized expressions. Sources for Help This document is meant to give some specific guidelines for your research essay, but is not comprehensive. There is an excellent online writing lab is maintained by Purdue University that you can refer to, and from which several required content readings in your course syllabus derived: The Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service of the Writing Lab at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. There are numerous other guides to good writing. Recommended is Strunk and White’s The Elements of Style which is succinct at eighty-five pages, an entertaining easy read, and widely available. RCC’s Student Online Support (SOS) has links to many good writing guidelines. In this course, the following sources are required reading: “Annotated Bibliography” “Annotated Bibliographies” Purdue Online Writing Lab “Evaluating Sources” in the Purdue Online Writing Lab “Evaluation of a Peer’s Paper” “The Report Abstract and Executive Summary” in the Purdue Online Writing Lab Evaluation The following rubric indicates those areas you should be focusing on in preparing your assignment, and how the instructor will weigh these components relative to one another. https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/common_writing_assignments/annotated_bibliographies/index.html https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/conducting_research/evaluating_sources_of_information/index.html https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/subject_specific_writing/writing_in_engineering/handbook_on_report_formats/abstracts_and_executive_summaries.html
Hi, this assignment is an essay which is of 5000 words. Topic: Social and Psychological Consequences of Self-Drive Cars I have attached the fully detailed instructions and my 2 other assignments. that
LIST OF HEADINGS Outline on Social and Psychological Consequences of Self-Drive Cars Course: HUMN422 Name: Simarpreet Sandhu Student ID: 2019050019 Professor: Erica Franken Yorkville University Date: February 7, 2022 Introduction The craze behind autonomous cars, otherwise known as self-drive vehicles, is on the rise, with new technology being developed to eliminate the safety and ethical issues around the occurrence of accidents that are highly associated with conventional cars. These cars operate through a robotic principle; hence, there is a need to gain insights on the social and psychological implications to gauge their suitability and risk factors Social Implications Reduction of accidents Autonomous vehicles are highly beneficial in eliminating accidents that are rampant with conventional driving, but the new technology promises to resolve the problem. Other than safety, convenience is another implication in the use of self-drive cars that is being explored by numerous carmakers to make travel safe and affordable. A cleaner environment Autonomous cars promise a cleaner environment, which means a reduction in carbon emission since most are being crated to use electric power. Moreover, the new infrastructure will require new infrastructure, thereby saving the environment from further destruction. The convenience of using autonomous cars is the probability of reducing traffic jams, which results in the reduction of pollution that is prevalent with the staling of vehicles due to traffic jams. Public perception The decision to use autonomous cars among mentally ill people compared to conventional driving is another cause of concern. While the sensation of self-drive vehicles has not been biased, the perception that people with mental health disabilities may have is a contentious issue due to the willingness to travel in them. Psychological Implications The occurrence of accidents The idea of sacrificing a passenger as opposed to a pedestrian to avoid an accident is the most worrying trend in autonomous cars. People need vehicles they can control and not those that have to make decisions based on the level of harm; hence, the issue of perception towards autonomous cars. Moreover, the ability of the autonomous vehicle to decide on what to do in the event of an accident is a social concern that points to the safety implication of autonomous vehicles and their operation on the road. The ethical dilemma The operating of self-drive cars is a significant cause of concern among users who are torn between design and regulation for the sake of improving the safety of the users and pedestrians. The issue at hand is the ability of the robotic system to decide between harming its passenger versus hitting a large number of passengers in its way. The ethical issue is on the probability trade-offs, which aligns with the utilitarian approach in the functioning of self-drive cars. Recommendations to Eliminate these Implications The best way to resolve the social and psychological implications that have become a concern is to have open communication with industry players to create awareness of autonomous vehicles. Also, the managing public reaction and their perception towards autonomous cars should be positive to ensure fast and smooth roll-out of the technology. Conclusion The rapid adoption of autonomous cars promises convenient, fast, and safe travel. However, the enormous hiccup to the speedy and mass adoption of self-drive vehicles lies in the social and psychological implications. Despite the positive responsiveness towards self-drive cars, there are significant issues on ethical health and even social implications surrounding the technology, which require addressing before the mass roll-out of these vehicles.
Hi, this assignment is an essay which is of 5000 words. Topic: Social and Psychological Consequences of Self-Drive Cars I have attached the fully detailed instructions and my 2 other assignments. that
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Social and Psychological Consequences of Self-Drive Cars Course: HUMN422 Name: Simarpreet Sandhu Student ID: 2019050019 Professor: Erica Franken Yorkville University Date: February 7, 2022 Bennett, R., Vijaygopal, R., & Kottasz, R. (2019). Willingness of people with mental health disabilities to travel in driverless vehicles. Journal of Transport & Health, 12, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.11.005 The article by Bennett, Vijaygopal & Kottasz (2019) dwells on the willingness of individuals having mental health issues to decide on whether or not to travel through self-driving cars. The shift towards self-driving cars is becoming a sensation to both the abled and disabled persons, with perception play in a critical role in making the choice compared to conventional driving. The ability to decide on whether or not to use a self-driving vehicle is a crucial part of understanding the perception of mentally ill patients on the grounds of user friendly and how they equate to conventional transportation. The article provides valuable information on self-driving cars and their benefits for an individual with mental health, and their perception is equally sufficient to gauge their popularity and viability as a mode of transport in the future. Therefore, the article will provide credible information to analyze the subject matter and give a different angle to the contentious issue of self-driving cars and their socio-psychological implications. Crayton, T. J., & Meier, B. M. (2017). Autonomous vehicles: Developing a public health research agenda to frame the future of transportation policy. Journal of Transport & Health, 6, 245-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.04.004 The article by Crayton & Meier (2017) offers a comprehensive analysis of the ramifications of autonomous vehicles on different health determinants. The authors conducted their study intending to fill the existing gaps in knowledge regarding the public health effects of autonomous vehicles. Remarkably, recent technological advancements have seen a meteoric rise in the development of autonomous vehicle innovations that are likely to revamp transportation in the future. Although this disruptive technology is likely to have a range of benefits in the transportation system, it is also expected to cause significant harms to public health. In this view, the article is helpful to the current research as it adds valuable insights into the harms and benefits of autonomous vehicles. The research-based article provides critical information that would add weight to the depth of analysis and enhance the credibility of arguments made by the scholar in this research, thus improving the validity of claims and conclusions.      Diels, C., & Bos, J. E. (2016). Self-driving carsickness. Applied ergonomics, 53, 374-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.09.009            In this article, Diels & Bos (2016) discuss the anticipated upsurge in the severity and incidence of motion sickness with the increased use of self-driving cars. The symptoms of motion sickness are likely to have adverse impacts on the safety of road users. Although self-driving vehicles are programmed to detect and avoid accidents, delegating to them the responsibility of making critical decisions concerning the lives of road users is precarious and a serious cause for concern. Despite their touted safety standards, self-driving vehicles are not living objects. Hence, their ability to make life-and-death decisions that directly impact human lives raises serious ethical concerns. Thus, the article is relevant to the present study since it focuses on the main research topic. It also provides credible and reliable information regarding self-driving cars and the ethical concerns associated with their usage. Therefore, the article would offer critical insights into the ethical issues related to self-driving vehicles.       Karnouskos, S. (2021). The role of utilitarianism, self-safety, and technology in the acceptance of self-driving cars. Cognition, Technology & Work, 23(4), 659-667. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-020-00649-6            In this article, Karnouskos (2021) focuses on the intricate connection between technological development, self-safety, and the greater good of society with regard to the increased manufacture of self-driving cars. With the increased technological advancement, the production of self-driving cars for mass public use has intensified. Their purported benefits are numerous and quite appealing, which has increased the interest to quickly launch their usage on the streets. Although they are likely to reduce accidents significantly, they will be responsible for making life-and-death decisions on behalf of humans, which would substantially impact lives. Therefore, this article is beneficial in interrogating the ethical issues in the use of self-driving cars. The article provides very reliable insights that would add value to the current research since it elucidates the complex ethical issues concerning the use of self-driving vehicles. Therefore, it would be a valuable source of information in this research due to its in-depth analysis of the subject matter.     Nyholm, S. (2018). The ethics of crashes with self‐driving cars: a roadmap, II. Philosophy Compass, 13(7), e12506. https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12506 Nyholm (2018) investigation into self-drive cars is deemed to be safer than regular vehicles, but they cannot be 100% safe. The issue of injury in the event of an accident when using self-drive cars is a contentious issue that has been in the mouths of many individuals, and there is a need to understand safety firsthand. Moreover, the suggestion to assess the implications of self-driving cars and the ability to combat injuries or even combat accidents is a cause of discussion. The aspect of safety potentiality is critical to ensuring the self-drive cars are respected with the consideration of ethical issues and the ability to coordinate mixed traffic compared to conventional cars. The use of this article will offer insights on the understanding of self-drive cars by identifying the health and safety benefits that can be drawn on its use compared to conventional cars. The article is highly reliable since it is published through Wiley Online, and its reliance will offer information on the ethics surrounding self-driving cars and occurrence of car crashes. Pourrahmani, E., Jaller, M., Maizlish, N., & Rodier, C. (2020). Health impact assessment of connected and autonomous vehicles in San Francisco, Bay Area. Transportation Research Record, 2674(10), 898-916. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198120942749 Pourrahmani, Jaller, Maizlish & Rodier (2020) assert that connected autonomous vehicles (CAV) present health impacts on humans. They undertook a study that showed these outcomes] are related to travel demand, environmental emissions, and safety. Moreover, the health impacts are a sign of possible reduction of accidents but the reduction in physical safety associated with CAVs also causes a problem in disability-associated problems. In any case, the study compared the negative and positive impacts of CAVs and discovered that the benefits were significant in eliminating travel-related injuries. The article offers significant insights that will assist in advancing information on CAVs and their adoption in modern times, and the impacts associated with the health drawbacks and their benefits in reducing premature deaths in the future. The article is current; hence, it will be significant in the understanding Rojas-Rueda, D., Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J., Khreis, H., & Frumkin, H. (2020). Autonomous vehicles and public health. Annual review of public health, 41, 329-345. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094035 Rojas-Rueda, Nieuwenhuijsen, Khreis & Frumkin (2020) have presented their findings on autonomous vehicles (AVs) as a potentiality that is likely to change the face of technology and the operation of a vehicle. With more and more production of AVs, the issue of health implications is a major point for discussion with the benefits of less pollution, minima noise, and the elimination of health risks, a major cause of celebration. The choice of the article will issue significant information to assist in understanding AVs in-depth, their use, and the health benefits that the world stands to gain from this technological advancement. Furthermore, the use of the article as a source of reliable information is a possibility because these vehicles are modeling the automobile industry and its functionality, which will be critical to understand and gauge the best way to go about it. Overall, the article gives answers to health risks that will be avoided with the adoption of AVs in comparison to conventional cars. Takács, Á., Rudas, I., Bösl, D., & Haidegger, T. (2018). Highly automated vehicles and self-driving cars [industry tutorial]. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, 25(4), 106-112. https://doi.org/10.1109/MRA.2018.2874301 Takács, Rudas, Bösl & Haidegger (2018) have discussed their findings on self-driving cars due to the complexity of the technology and to show their significance in revolutionizing driving. The article sheds light on the engineering challenges that have been experienced due to the adoption of the technology in comparison to conventional driving that has centuries of experience. Moreover, the article covers the issues of decision making, the control of manufacturing, and the environmental implications that are related to the adoption of self-driving cars. Furthermore, the article gives insights on the third robotic revolution and ways it has transformed, and the changes that will e experienced in the technological world. The use of the article as a source of information on self-driving cars will bring a comprehensive angle to their future and the lessons that can be learned once the world has fully gone automation. Overall, it will offer insights on environmental implications, which is an interest in understanding the social and psychological implications of the technology. References Bennett, R., Vijaygopal, R., & Kottasz, R. (2019). Willingness of people with mental health disabilities to travel in driverless vehicles. Journal of Transport & Health, 12, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.11.005 Crayton, T. J., & Meier, B. M. (2017). Autonomous vehicles: Developing a public health research agenda to frame the future of transportation policy. Journal of Transport & Health, 6, 245-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.04.004 Diels, C., & Bos, J. E. (2016). Self-driving carsickness. Applied ergonomics, 53, 374-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.09.009 Karnouskos, S. (2021). The role of utilitarianism, self-safety, and technology in the acceptance of self-driving cars. Cognition, Technology & Work, 23(4), 659-667. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-020-00649-6 Nyholm, S. (2018). The ethics of crashes with self‐driving cars: a roadmap, II. Philosophy Compass, 13(7), e12506. https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12506 Pourrahmani, E., Jaller, M., Maizlish, N., & Rodier, C. (2020). Health impact assessment of connected and autonomous vehicles in San Francisco, Bay Area. Transportation Research Record, 2674(10), 898-916. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198120942749 Rojas-Rueda, D., Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J., Khreis, H., & Frumkin, H. (2020). Autonomous vehicles and public health. Annual review of public health, 41, 329-345. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094035 Takács, Á., Rudas, I., Bösl, D., & Haidegger, T. (2018). Highly automated vehicles and self-driving cars [industry tutorial]. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, 25(4), 106-112. https://doi.org/10.1109/MRA.2018.2874301